Fire Island is a barrier island, approximately 30 mi (48 km) long and 0.5 mi. (1 km) wide, in Suffolk County on the southern side of Long Island in the U.S. state of New York.

It is separated from Long Island by the 5 mi (8 km) wide Great South Bay, a natural harbor formed by the island. A small portion is accessible from Long Island by the Robert Moses Causeway also known as Captree Causeway on its western end and by New York State Highway 46 on its eastern end. The island and its resort towns are mainly accessible by the numerous ferries that traverse Great South Bay.

Except for the western 5 mi. (8 km) of the island, the island is protected as part of Fire Island National Seashore. Robert Moses State Park on the western tip of the island is one of the popular recreational destinations in the New York City area.

The Fire Island Lighthouse is a visible landmark just east of Robert Moses State Park.

The incorporated villages of Ocean Beach and Saltaire within Fire Island National Seashore are not accessible by automobile and permit only pedestrian and bicycle traffic. Fire Island also contains a number of unincorporated villages Two of these villages known as the Fire Island Pines and Cherry Grove, have a reputation as being popular destinations for gay vacationers. These two towns have brought the misconceived notion that the entire island is a attraction for gay vacationers when in fact this is far from the case.

Beach erosion largely due to construction of jetties at the Moriches Inlet, opened naturally by a storm in 1931 and widened by the Labor Day Hurricane of 1938, is described in a report on the geological effects of the Hurricane of 1938

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